Open forum, vol. 30, no. 1 (January, 1953)

The OPEN FORUM

Published by THE AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION, Southern California Branch

"It must not be supposed that it is easy to be free..." Osmonp K. FRAENKEL

Vol. XXX

Los Angeles, California, January, 1953

No. 1

/ACLU ACTION COMMITTEES ORGANIZED

What's Up In Sacramento? Save February 19!

The 1953 session of the California Legislature convened on January 5 and re-

cessed on January 17. During this two-week period more than five thousand bills

were introduced, some of which apparently have important bearing upon civil

liberties.

Now the Legislature is in customary recess to permit the legislators to dis-

cuss the proposed measures with their constituents. The Legislature reconvenes

on February 24.

Getting public reactions to over five thousand bills is quite an assignment for

our legislators, especially since many of these proposed measures may not actu-

ally be in print for several weeks.

To help inform ACLU members and the general public concerning bills

which affect civil liberties, the new Committee on Legislation, under the chair-

manship of J. B. Tietz, will undertake to sift the mass of measures and make

recommendations on those bills which fall within the scope of ACLU concern.

On February 19, the Committee on Legislation will hold a public meeting

`devoted to a discussion of civil liberties legislation. Members and friends of the

Union are urged to hold the evening of February 19 free to attend this meeting.

Later announcement will be made concerning time, place, and program of this

meeting.

COMMISSION CONDEMNS

McCARRAN-WALTER ACT

The controversial McCarran-Walter Act of

1952, much debated and presidentially ve-

toed, came in for a thorough drubbing ear-

ly this month at the hands of a commission

of experts, appointed by ex-President Tru-

man to study the measure and make rec-

ommendation for its improvement.

After conducting a nation-wide investi-

gation of the opinions of representative in-

dividuals and organizations, the Commis-

sion, headed by Philip Perlman, former

Solicitor General of the United States, re-

ported the following conclusions:

"The immigration and nationality law

(the McCarran-Walter Act of 1952) em-

bodies policies and principles that are un-

wise and injurious to the nation.

"It rests upon an attitude of hostility

and distrust against all aliens.

"It applies discriminations against hu-

man beings on account of national origin,

race, creed and color.

"It ignores the needs of the United

States in domestic affairs and foreign

policies.

"It contains unnecessary and unreason-

able restrictions and penalties against

individuals.

"It is badly drafted, confusing and, in

some respects, unworkable.

"It should be reconsidered and revised

from beginning to end"'

Cont'd page 2, col. 3

"OATH" FOR PH TENANTS

Tenants of public housing units in Los An-

geles were served notice this month that

they must sign a "certificate of non-mem-

bership in subversive organizations" or be

evicted.

This order was issued by the local pub-

lic housing heads in accordance with the

so-called Gwinn "rider" passed by the

82nd Congress (see October Open Forum).

The certificate or "oath" requests each

tenant to swear that he is not a member of

any of the approximately 200 organiza-

tions listed by the U. S. Attorney General.

Presumably, if he cannot so swear, or if he

refuses to swear non-membership, he and

his family may be evicted.

The ACLU national office advises us

that legal cases are underway there to test

the Gwinn provision. The rapid processing

of such cases may make it possible to halt

Cont'd on page 4, col. 2

IMPROVED PUBLIC OPINION

GOAL OF NEW COMMITTEES

Recapturing quickly after the holidays the

momentum provided by the December 13

ACLU Committee Conference (see De-

cember Open Forum), the local branch

Board has moved steadily forward in the

development of "`action" committees.

At its meeting on January 19, the Board

adopted unanimously a resolution approv-

ing the organization of such committees.

The general purpose of these new commit-

tees is stated:

"The fostering and protection of the

civil liberties of the American people-the

avowed object of the ACLU, Southern Cal-

ifornia Branch-requires at this time the

most vigorous and extensive efforts pos-

sible within the scope and resources of our

organization. Our normal emphasis upon

the defense of civil liberties through legal

action must be continued with full vigor.

But, in addition, we concur, our Branch

must work to create a more favorable `cli-

mate of public opinion' for the mainte-

nance and enlargement of civil liberties"

Committee Objectives

The organization of the new commit-

tees, the Board hopes, will achieve the fol-

lowing objectives:

``1, Ensure continuous systematic atten-

tion to the several facets of civil liberties

which it is our concern to foster and to

protect.

2. Involve in ACLU activity a consider-

able number of our most interested mem-

bers-for their greater satisfaction in

membership and for the mobilization of a

far greater manpower than exists merely

in the Board and staff.

3. Step up markedly the program of the

Branch, both in quantity of activities and

in quality of service, thus to bring the ef-

fect of our work closer to its avowed pur-

pose-and to interest an ever increasing

Cont'd page 4, col. 3

(R) Remember? We set a goal of 500 new

local members during late December and

January.

(c) We said that this goal was ambitious,

but fully attainable, if every present

member accepted his minimum responsi-

bility: to enlist at least ONE NEW MEMBER.

(R) We said that greatly increased ACLU

membership is the key to the success of

our desperately needed efforts to defend

and to enlarge civil liberties.

DID YOU SIGN UP A NEW ACLU MEMBER IN JANUARY?

@ Did you do your part? Did you apply

the formula ``U x 2''? Did you double the

strength of your membership by getting a

new member?

(R)@(R) 130 new members were enrolled in

December. We do not yet know the Janu-

ary total. Will it be 370? That depends

squarely upon YOU.

(R)@ Use the membership coupon on page 4

and sign up that new member today-for

as large a payment as possible.

| Of Counsel ~ " " Fred Okrand

County Oath Case

In the Los Angeles County Loyalty Oath

case, petition has been made to the Cali-

fornia Supreme Court asking it to recall

the case for reconsideration in the light of

the United States Supreme Court's deci-

sion invalidating a similar oath required

by the State of Oklahoma. The following

was suggested to the state's high court as

to the import of the Oklahoma decision:

that if an oath on its face does not require

intent on the part of the signer-that is,

that he knows the organization about

which he is being asked is subversive-but

that subsequently the court so interprets

the oath, in order to be constitutional and

not violate due process, the signer must be

given another opportunity to sign as inter-

preted. It was argued to the State Supreme

Court that it was not until that court de-

cided the Los Angeles County Oath re-

quired knowledge that the oath was so

understood.

A decision as to whether the court will

reconsider the case in the light of the new

decision is expected momentarily.

Edelman Case

In the case wherein the ACLU sought to

test the constitutionality of the California

vagrancy statute which makes a crime of

being dissolute and defines a dissolute per-

son as one who has previously been con-

victed of crime, the United States Supreme

Court decided on a technical ground. The

decision was 7-2. The majority of the

court, in an opinion by Justice Clark, did

not reach the constitutional issue involved,

holding that there was an adequate state

ground for upholding the conviction of

Irwin Edelman, arising out of a speech he

made in Pershing Square in Los Angeles.

The dissenting opinion, written by Jus-

tice Black, held that the constitutional

question should be decided and that it

should be decided in favor of the ACLU's

position: that the statute is too vague, in-

definite and uncertain to afford any rea-

sonable standard of guilt and that a crim-

inal statute so framed falls within the

clear ban of previously decided cases.

The majority of the court did suggest,

however, that Edelman might still test the

constitutional issue by way of a petition

for writ of habeas corpus when the Su-

preme Court's order is returned to the

state court. This would mean that Edel-

man would have to go to jail in order that

this procedure may be evoked.

The possibility suggested by the Court

is being considered.

Sulzberger: Neither "As Black or as Red..."

Speaking to a distinguished New York

audience on January 14, Arthur Hays

Sulzberger had the following observations

to make concerning the present state of

American freedoms:

"Are we as free to speak our minds to-

day as twenty years ago? Is thinking and

giving expression to thought as unre-

stricted as in the past? Most of you here,

I believe, will join me in saying `No, and

we base our judgments on the record.'

Mr. Sulzberger makes it clear in his ad-

dress that he considers Russia a threat, but

he declares, `""Freedom cannot be trifled

with-you cannot surrender it for security

unless in a state of war and then you must

guard carefully the methods of so doing"'

After reciting a long series of incidents

in which the traditional freedoms of the

American people have been violated (the

first of which is reference to the banning

of UNESCO in Los Angeles), Sulzberger

summarizes:

"One begins to wonder whether this is

still the `Land of the free and the home of

the brave' about which we sing so whole-

heartedly. There has been dropped upon

ACLU ON THE AIR

KFWB (980)

Every Sunday, 6:30-6:45 p.m.

utterance and thought a smoke screen of

intimidation that dims essential thought

and essential talk and begets a fog through

which we wander uncertainly. Nor is it

the superzealots who bother me so much

in all of this-it is the lack of plain, old-

fashioned guts on the part of those who

capitulate to them. Surely, such actions

must be of great aid and comfort to the

Kremlin; these capitulators are, in effect,

a sixth column which does not even re-

quire payment....

`*. .. In the first place, I do not believe

that the picture is either as black or as red

as it has been painted. I do not believe, for

example, that Messrs. McCarthy and Mc-

Carran represent the real feeling of the

American people. I have great faith in the

basic common sense and the fundamental

fairness of the nation.

"But there is more fear in the country

than the facts warrant. Beset by doubt, the

nation listens to those who seem to offer a

cure, even though the medicine be more

harmful than the disease. . .. Once more

we are met upon a great battlefield testing

whether this nation or any nation similar-

ly `dedicated can long endure' I have the

utmost confidence that it can and will. ...

"Let us dedicate ourselves anew to

`Man's Right to Knowledge and the Free

Use Thereof: Let us thus help to restore a

courage of old to our beloved country.

That .. . must depend on public opinion

and on the general spirit of the people. ...

And that, my friends, means you and me"'

The oPEN FoRUM | 2

THEATER OWNERS YIELD

TO LEGION THREAT

The American Legion has scored again!

The Los Angeles showings of "Lime-

light" (latest Charles Chaplin film) have

been cancelled by Fox West Coast Thea-

ters and Loew's Inc. under threat of pick-

eting by the American Legion.

Scheduled for opening on January 21 at

the Chinese and E] Rey Theaters, the film

will not be shown, executives of the thea-

ters have announced.

ACLU members may wish to write to

Mr. George Bowser, Fox West Coast The-

aters Corporation, 1609 West Washington

Blvd., Los Angeles, to urge that movie-

goers in southern California be given an

opportunity to see this film, despite the

censorship effort of the American Legion.

SCHOOL BOARD BANS "E"

In Los Angeles, please spell UNESCO

U-N-S-C-O, henceforth.

After many weeks of contention, stirred

up by small but vociferous bands of anti-

UNites, the Los Angeles City Board of

Education has voted a permanent ban on

the teaching guide "The `E' in UNESCO"

By the latest Board vote, teachers are

apparently obliged to teach both for and

against the United Nations-that is, to pre-

sent the "facts on both sides?' This is, in

reverse, a little like asking ministers to

preach both for and against "`sin"'

HARDYMAN RESIGNS

Hugh Hardyman, veteran civil libertarian

and long-time member of the local Union,

resigned from membership on the Branch

Board on January 19.

His resignation was accepted by the

Board, with regret and with appreciation

for his long championship of the cause of

civil liberties in southern California.

McCarran-Walter Act

Coni'd from page 1, col. 1

The immediate response of Senator Pat

McCarran to the Commission report was .

that opposition to the McCarran-Walter

Act came from "out-and-out Reds" and the

"pinks and well-meaning but misguided

liberals and the demagogues who auction

the interests of America for alleged mi-

nority bloc votes'? (N. Y. Times, Jan. 2,

1953)

The Times' own editorial concerning

this reaction (Jan. 20, 1953) goes to the

point:

"It should be unnecessary to comment

on Mr. McCarran's implication that op-

ponents of the act must be Communists or

Communist sympathizers. Opponents of

the McCarran Act include men and wom-

en of every religion, of every national

strain, including his own, of every politi-

cal party, of every occupation and every

walk of life. A little more confidence in

honesty of motives and a little less suspi-

cion that every opponent isa spy ora tral-

tor would go a long way both on and off

the floor of the Congress of the United

States?'

ia 3.| The oPEN FORUM

The OPEN FORUM

OF THE

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES

UNION

Southern California Branch

EASON MONROE, Editor

A. L. WIRIN, Counsel

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Pau. Jacoss

President

EpmMunp W. CookE

Vice-President

JoeB Lintz

Secretary-Treasurer

Hucu H. ANDERSON

BisHop JAMES C., BAKER

Mrs. JoHN BEARDSLEY

Harry BRAVERMAN

RosBerRT CLARK

Lex B. Cox

ProF. GEORGE M. Day

Rev. ALLAN HUNTER ELizABETH A. Woop

a J. W. MacNarr

: CHARLES MACKINTOSH

LoREN MILLER

Rosert Morris

FRED OkRAND

Joun C. Packarp

GIFFORD PHILLIPS

RicHARD RICHARDS

Mrs. RaLtpH SMITH

Rosert S. VoGEL

Puitiep WaIN

CiorE WARNE

KATHERINE KILBOURNE

Pror. EpGAR WARREN

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ey

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ae

_ Published Monthly at Room 534, 257 South Spring St.,

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sien OO

an

Pasadena-San Gabriel

a

Hugh Anderson, Chm.

831 Milan Avenue

_ Entered as second-class matter April 24, 1946, at the post

office at Los Angeles, California, under the Act of

i sae :

Dr. Wm. Linpsay YOUNG

AFFILIATED COMMITTEES

Santa Barbara

Mrs. M. O'Gorman, Chm.

ley 1114 North Milpas St.

Whittier

Hassel Smith, Chm.

South Pasadena 10559 East Cliota St.

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Los Angeles 12, Phone tucker 8514

Subscription by membership only

at $2, $5, $10, $25, and up.

SY

March 8, 1879.

Active Membership . . .

Very shortly after we assumed our new

duties here, a friendly visitor remarked, "I

have often wished that I could take some

active part in ACLU affairs. Not as a

Board member. I wouldn't have time for

that. But as a member of some committee,

with a job to do every once in a while. I'd

feel even better about my membership if

I knew that I was needed in more ways

than just to pay my dues once a year.'

The relationship between ACLU and its

members is reciprocal. ACLU needs its

members; its members need ACLU. But

this cannot be the limit of the relation-

ship. Each has an obligation to fulfill.

ACLU is obliged, within practical lim-

its, to provide opportunities for as many

members as possible to direct their ener-

gies in the productive channels of our

work. "Card-carrying" members of ACLU

are obliged, within the limits of their

available time and strength, to promote

our work,

For immediate consideration, therefore,

we propose these two assignments:

1. Work hard at the job of enlisting new

members. There is no more important con-

tribution than this.

2. Choose one of the new "action" com-

mittees in which you are interested and

declare your candidacy for membership

on that committee.

In such ways, make your membership

in ACLU mean as much to you as it

should. -E. M.

Hutchins: "The State of Amerwan Freedom"

Excerpts from an address presented by

Robert Maynard Hutchins for the Ameri-

can Civil Liberties Union of southern Cal-

ifornia on December 12, 1952, to commem-

orate the 161st anniversary of the Bill of

Rights.

As we gaze toward 1953 on the 161st anni-

versary of the Bill of Rights, we can de-

tect, I think, certain signs of hope amid

the encircling gloom. First is the Ameri-

can Civil Liberties Union itself, constant-

ly growing in strength and prestige. .. .

Second, there is a gleam, a faint gleam,

appropriately enough, a golden gleam

from the Ford Foundation.

The Ford Foundation will announce to-

morrow morning (December 13) the cre-

ation of a new independent corporation

called the "Fund for the Republic,' the ob-

ject of which is to promote civil liberties

and civil rights . . . the Bill of Rights and

the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amend-

ments. ...

The American Civil Liberties Union

and the Ford Foundation, important as

they are, are not the only signs of hope on

the horizon. A certain aspect of the recent

elections seems to me to offer a fairly

bright ray of encouragement to those of

us who have labored long in this vineyard.

The departure of certain political figures

to limbo is certainly encouraging and the

marked reduction in the majority of cer-

tain others is perhaps more encouraging

Sut.

Encouraging Changes

We may perhaps take some mild en-

couragement, too, in some of the adminis-

trative changes that are now going on.

We have been seeking apparently to erect

an iron curtain of our own and, in spite of

protest after protest, the regulations gov-

erning the travel of Americans in foreign

countries have been calculated only to

embarrass us and to make us look more ri-

diculous than we really are. The present

investigation of the regulations governing

the travel of Americans abroad-regula-

tions governing passports and visas-is, I

believe, a most encouraging sign. ...

The remarkable decision not to require

loyalty oaths of the sixteen million home

owners who have been assisted by FHA

may also be taken as some slight indica-

tion that perhaps the end of the silly

season is at hand....

Segregation Before Supreme Court

It is impossible to predict, of course, the

outcome of the cases now pending in the

Supreme Court on racial segregation, but

the Court has done great work in the field

of racial discrimination in recent years,

and the fact that the matter is now up...

is a sign of hope. ...

We turn now to the other side. ... The

ranking member of the House un-Ameri-

can Affairs Committee has announced the

intention of concentrating on educational

institutions and labor unions... . I know

very little about labor unions, but I would

say of my own knowledge that the trouble

with the academic profession is that it is

already petrified. The academic profession

is already frightened to death of inde-

pendent thought, to say nothing of inde-

pendent expression. And I think you will

understand that the academic profession

has good reason for this attitude... .

The prospect of having education and

labor victimized by the House Committee

on un-American Affairs is bad enough.

The spread of the movement of anti-dis-

loyalty oaths in the country is not encour-

aging. The enacting of Propositions 5 and

6-although, somewhat to my surprise,

since they looked rather innocuous, an

enormous vote was rolled up against them

-does not give us a very bright outlook

for independent thought in the state of

California. ...

I do not see how we can regard the pres-

ent attitude toward those who avail them-

selves of the privilege against self-incrim-

ination under the Fifth Amendment...

as encouraging today .. . It is certainly in

the American tradition to ponder very

seriously the consequences which follow

such a plea. The consequences that are

now following it are that people are los-

ing their jobs all over the country...

Security Unsolved

And, finally, the problem of perma-

nent security has not been solved. Loyalty

procedures, the Attorney General's list,

the McCarran Act, secrecy and silence...

How much do we know about the effects

of these regulations and this legislation?

We know that they restrict and frighten

patriotic citizens. Where do they restrict

or frighten spies and traitors? Perhaps

they do. We know there are spies and

traitors. We know that international com-

munism is a danger to us, but we also

know that if we suppress the basic rights

of Americans because we are scared, we

are throwing away without a struggle the

things we should be fighting for.

The dangers to our security are not

greater and they are not more funda-

mental than the dangers to our freedom.

True Americanism

What is true Americanism? Well, it is

non-conformity. It is thinking for oneself.

It is confidence in the power of reason and

discussion. It is the belief that no man

should want to push another man around,

any more than he should want to be

pushed around. It is the conviction that

the rights of the minority, even a minority

of one, are the most precious possessions of

a progressive society, and that there must

be freedom of discussion and criticism of

tyranny. It is the devotion to due proc-

esses of law, and to the equality of all men

before the laws, together with the idea

that the rights of man, although they may

be defended by the law, are not covered

by it.

These are the principles of democratic

Americans. To these principles we should

rededicate ourselves on this anniversary

of the Bill of Rights.

Due Process of Law-

Is Such a Bother!

Mrs. Ruth C. Cole, incumbent candidate

for re-election to the Los Angeles City

Board of Education, is apparently fed up

with the law's delay. Such things as due

process of law and teachers' tenure are

nuisances to a dutiful board member who

is Impatient for immediate solutions.

Hence, on January 8, Mrs. Cole made

request of County Counsel Kennedy, him-

self something of an expert at finding that

thin but dubious line between what is and

is not barely constitutional, as follows:

"A legal opinion . . . is requested upon

the following problem:

"where the. facts show that a teacher

employed by the Los Angeles City Board

of Education has refused to testify before

a properly accredited governmental com-

mittee on un-American activities, and

`"where subsequently that employee has

been disqualified from his capacity to con-

tinue such employment with the Board by

reason of his violation of a rule of this

Board dated September 22, 1952 (see Oc-

tober Open Forum), and

`where said employee has pursued the

legal procedure for the appeal from the

decision of the Board with reference to his

disqualification;

"Then what legal steps or procedures

can this Board undertake to prevent this

MEMBERSHIP COUPON

Southern California members in the following classifica-

tions receive Open Forum from Los Angeles, and, from

the national office, in New York, Civil Liberties once a

month and the Union's annual report on U.S. liberties,

and are entitled to single copies of some thirty ACLU

pamphlets currently available:

Participating Member sr: .7 3 asiync si acts 3 os $100

Mooperating. Member 238 c.se.c5. sie ow ewes $50

Diispaininig AVICIMDEN co.chereie. cee v8 6 aie ee wis oe $25

Sipportine Member. 62 Pasi. 5 en ose 2 Sea $10

Gontributing Memberet ei as Fea oe $5

Associate Members at $2 receive Open Forum, Civil

Liberties and the annual report. The national office will

send its weekly bulletin, on request, to members con-

tributing $10 or more.

By joining the national ACLU, southern Californians

automatically become members of the Southern Califor-

nia Branch, which receives 80% of all contributions

from new members. Be as generous as you can!

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION

170 Fifth Avenue, New York 10. N. Y.

Here is my 0x00A7$. membership contribution.

PLEASE PRINT

Name

Address

City Zone State

Occupation

1/53

Douglas Speaks Feb. 10

The Modern Forum has announced

that Associate Justice William O.

Douglas will speak on "Southeast

Asia" Tuesday evening at 8 p.m.

in the Beverly Hills High School

auditorium. Tickets are still avail-

able. Call MUtual 0048 for reser-

vations.

employee, whose affiliation with the Com-

munist party has caused the committee to

investigate the said employee, and who

under oath has refused to testify as to his

communistic affiliations (our emphasis),

from continuing to instruct in the schools

of the city of Los Angeles?

"Further, must public funds be used to

pay these disqualified employees for the

specific purpose of continuing to teach the

children of the Los Angeles City School

District?"

Someone with more patience than Mrs.

Cole exhibits should patiently point out to

the lady that a refusal to cooperate with

an un-American activities committee does

not constitute evidence of guilt of any

kind. She needs to learn about due process

of law. Perhaps a few lessons on the First

Amendment would relieve her anxiety.

And, it may be presumed that Mrs. Cole

has heard of teacher tenure, but it is clear

that she needs to hear about it again.

In that ludicrous but tragic Alice-in-

Wonderland drama which unfolds week

after week in the Board of Education,

Mrs. Cole is a natural for the role of the

Queen of Hearts-"Off with their heads!"

Tenants Oath

Cont'd from page 1, col. 2

enforcement of the new oath here until

the law can be fully tested.

A communication has been sent from

the ACLU office here to the public housing

office, urging that this requirement not be

enforced. Further efforts are being made

to convince the housing authorities of the

wisdom of non-enforcement. (ACLU

members may wish to write to Mr. How-

ard Holtzendorff, Public Housing Author-

ity, 1401 East 1st St., Los Angeles, urging

non-enforcement of the new oath.

ACLU counsel is studying the new oath

requirement with a view to appropriate

legal action, if enforcement is pursued.

Send Dues to N.Y.

To facilitate the handling of member-

ship contributions, new and renewal,

please send all payments directly to

the ACLU National Office, 170 Fifth

Avenue, New York 10, N. Y.

The OPEN FORUM

Room 5384

257 South Spring Street

Los Angeles 12, California

The OPEN FoRUM | 4

PETITION SIGNER FIRED

Dr. W. Lou Tandy, a teacher at the Kansas

State Teachers College of Emporia, has

been fired because he signed a petition to

former President Truman, requesting am-

nesty for the eleven Communist Part

leaders prosecuted under the Smith Act,

Acting president of the College, Dr,

John Jacobs, who fired Tandy, said that

there was no question of his legal right to

sign the petition and insisted that aca-

demic freedom is not involved.

Faculty and students at the college are

`free; declared Jacobs, but "if they en-

gage in political action, the institution

cannot protect them from the social con-

sequences of their activity'

ACLU Committees

Cont'd from page 1, col. 3

public in our organization and in ACLU

membership.'

Each "action" or educational committee

will be headed by a member of the local

Board and composed of interested `"`rank-

and-file'" ACLU members. The formulated

policies and program and the personnel of

each committee are subject to Board

approval.

Eleven New Committees

The following committees are proposed,

and in most instances, committee chair-

men have been appointed:

Committees on- Academic Freedom

(George Day, chairman); Censorship

(Richard Richards, chairman; Robert

Vogel, co-chairman) ; Civil Rights; Immi-

gration and Deportation Practices (Robert

Morris, chairman); Labor and Civil Lib-

erties (Edgar Warren, chairman; Paul

Jacobs, co-chairman); Legislation (J. B.

Tietz, chairman) ; Freedom of Conscience

(Allan Hunter, chairman) ; Repeal of the

Smith Act; Investigating Committees and

Loyalty Procedures; ACLU Public Rela-

tions (Gifford Phillips, chairman); and

ACLU Community Relations (Elizabeth

Wood, chairman).

Committees on Legal Defense (Clore

Warne, chairman) and Membership and

Finance (Edmund Cooke, chairman) have

been standing committees of the Union -

here for some time.

Outline Programs

Committee chairmen have been asked

to proceed as quickly as possible to consti-

tute their committees, and to draw up

statements of policy and program.

Committee personnel will be selected

largely from those ACLU members who

have demonstrated interest in such active

participation by attending the December

13 conference or who previously returned

to the Union office "membership surveys"

(see August and October Open Forums).

Any ACLU member who is especially

interested in participating in the work of

a particular committee should write im-

mediately to the director to report such

interest.