vol. 25, no. 2

American

Civil Liberties

Union

Volume XXV

Suit Forces Surrender

San Francisco, California, February, 1960

A year's ban by the city of Sacramento on the self-service

newsstands of the Socialist Labor Party's WEEKLY PEOPLE

ended last month when Assistant City Attorney E. R. Vaughn

`informed the ACLU, in a letter dated January 8, that "the

City of Sacramento, and its officials do not officially oppose |

placement and maintenance by

Socialist Labor Party of metal

newsstands on the sidewalks of

Sacramento if the stands are

placed where other newspaper

stands are placed."

Injunction Sought

The City capitulated only after

a suit for an injunction was filed

in the Sacramento Superior

Court on November 18 seeking

to enjoin the City Council, City

Manager, Chief of Police and

City Attorney of Sacramento

from interfering with the Social-

ist Labor Party's right "to sell

and display Weekly People from

self-service newspaper stands on

the streets of Sacramento as

freely as other newspapers are or

may be permitted to be displayed

and sold."

Question Moot

After a hearing before Judge

Fred Pierce in December, the

matter was continued until Jan-

uary 12. Rather than face the

hearing, the City Attorney sur-

rendered in a letter to ACLU

- counsel and the court which said

that "Since the City does not op-

pose placement of the news-

stands, the question is moot and

the injunction unnecessary." The

court hearing was consequently

continued for one month. In the

meantime, details of the settle-

ment will be worked out so that

there will be no future interfer-

ence by the City with Weekly

People's self-service newsstands.

A year ago, on the advice of

Everett M. Glenn, City Attorney,

the City Council voted to concur

in his opinion that the news-

stands of Weekly People should

be barred because the news-

paper's "primary purpose is to

foster and support certain politi-

cal and economic views. It is not

a newspaper that is generally

sold on streets and delivered by

carrier throughout the commun-

ity." :

Tests Arbitrary, Unreasonable

Last March 20, in a letter to

the City Council, signed by Er-

nest Besig, ACLU Executive Di-

rector, the ACLU declared that

the two tests were arbitrary and

unreasonable and in violation of

freedom of expression. Under the

first test, said the ACLU, "The

yardstick that is proposed is one

as to the kind and extent of opin-

ions (political and economic)

which are expressed, Certainly,

it is clear from the mere state-

ment of the proposition that such

a test violates freedom of speech.

"The second, and final, test,"

the letter went on to say, "which

the City Attorney has proposed

is that in order to enjoy the priv-

ilege of placing self-service news-

stands on Sacramento streets a

newspaper must be one `that is

generally sold on streets and de-

livered by carrier throughout

the community.' As a practical

matter, this means that only

large, daily newspapers may

place their racks on the streets.

Equal Protection Denied

"In fact, Sacramento does not

abide by this test since the

Christian Science Monitor is not

`sold on streets and delivered by

carrier throughout the commu-

- The

nity. Yet this excellent news- 0x00A7

paper places its racks on Sacra-

mento streets. In other words,

even on the basis of the City At-

torney's tests, there has been a

denial of the equal protection of

the laws in denying the same

privilege to Weekly People.

"We suggest, however," the let-

ter went on to say, "that this

test is also an unreasonable one

in that freedom of the press is

not for the strong alone, but for

the weak as well. In fact, the Bill

of Rights is the guardian of the

rights of minorities. In the pres-

ent situation, no one would deny

any rights to the majority. All

we suggest is that the minority is

entitled to enjoy the same rights

as the majority."

How Issue Arose

The issue arose when certain

businessmen, confusing Weekly

People with the People's World,

complained to the City Manager,

who instructed the police to re-

move the stands which were at-

tached to electroliers by chains.

City Manager at first

claimed the stands were re-

moved because they were at-

tached to the electroliers. When

Weekly People agreed to meet

that objection the City Attorney

came up with his opinion that

Weekly People could be treated

differently because it contained

political and economic opinions

throughout the paper and be-

cause it was not sold on the

streets and delivered by carriers.

Of course, the City's arbitrary

and discriminatory action could

not be supported by law so it

was forced to capitulate.

The case is being handled for

Weekly People by Albert M. Ben-

dich, ACLU Staff Counsel.

Number 2

ZORA CHEEVER GROSS

Membership

Drive Headed

By Zora Gross

Mrs. Zora Cheever Gross, mem- .

ber of the ACLU board of direc-

tors and San Francisco civic

leader, whose dynamic leader-

ship sparked the highly success-

ful ACLU membership drives of

1958 and 1959, has consented to

serve aS chairman of the 1960

drive. Mrs. Gross and the area

chairmen will kick off the cam-

paign on April 4, and its inten-

sive phase will last two weeks.

Area Chairmen

In the meantime, Mrs. Gross

announced the appointment of

several area chairmen. Mrs. Joe

Madore will conduct the Berk-

eley-Albany campaign, while the

San Francisco co-chairmen will

be Mrs. Robert Lauter and Steph-

en Zellerbach.

Mrs. Leon Ginsburg will again

lead the drive in Marin county,

while for the second year Mrs.

Howard Friedman will serve as

chairman in the San Mateo-Bur-

lingame - Hillsborough - Millbrae

area. :

Chairmen of other areas will

be appointed by Mrs. Gross

shortly.

Planning Committee

Helping Mrs. Gross in planning

the drive are Mrs. Alec Skolnick,

Theodore Baer, Samuel B. Eu-

banks, Robert H. Hardgrove and

Fred H. Smith, IV, of the board,

and Mmes. Arthur Bierman, Ja-

cob Kahn, and Robert Lauter of

-Continued on Page 2

Unemployment insurance Benefits

Objections To

Loyalty Oath

Upheld By Court

The California District Court of Appeal in San Francisco

decided on January 21 that a person could not be denied un-

employment insurance because he refused on grounds of

conscience to accept a job referral to a State job requiring

a loyalty oath. The decision was handed down in the case of

Marion R. Syrek, Jr., 26-year-old

multilith operator. It reversed

the decision of Superior Court

Judge Folger Emerson of Ala-

meda County,

Unanimous Opinion

The unanimous opinion was

written by Judge Devine and

concurred in by Presiding Judge

Bray and Judge Matthew Tobrin-

er. The case was handled by the

ACLU through its staff counsel,

Albert M. Bendich.

"Bearing in mind," said the

court, "that both parties to this

suit and amicus curiae have

said that the case does not have

a precedent and our research

confirms this, we believe that we

should point out the limits of

our decision, particularly, be-

cause the Department of Employ-

ment no doubt makes many refer-

rals to government positions.

Objections Must Be Sincere

"We do not hold that an appli-

cant for unemployment insurance

benefits may simply announce

that he does not care to apply

for positions with government,

nor that he may do so upon his

announcement that he does not

agree with the loyalty oath re-

quirement in general, nor that he

may do so even as to the require-

ment of the loyalty oath as to

himself if his objection is simply

antipathy to the requirement, be-

cause such a case is not before

us. We do hold that when an ap-

plicant declines to take the oath

and states his own conscientious

objection to the taking, and there

is no finding that his stated

objection is a sham for the pur-

pose of avoiding work or is other-

wise false, the applicant may not

be denied such employment in-

surance benefits as would other-

wise be payable." (Emphasis sup-

plied.)

Alameda County Job

On February 24, 1956, the De-

partment of Employment re-

ferred Syrek to the Alameda

County Civil Service Commission,

where there was available a per-

manent job as multilith operator

at wages of $250 per month,

which would increase to $264 in

Lassen School Trustees Rescind

Compulsory Flag Salute Requirement

After adopting a regulation

last December establishing daily

compulsory flag saluting in

each home room, .the Lassen

Union High School District and

Lassen Junior College Board of

Trustees reconsidered its action

and placed flag saluting on a

voluntary basis.

Reversal of its action followed

objections by school administra-

tors, teachers and the American

Civil Liberties Union of North-

ern California. On January 12,

L. V. Greenleaf, District Super-

intendent of Schools advised the

Trustees that the local District

Attorney, legal advisor of the

Trustees, agreed with him that

the new regulation was uncon-

stitutional. . '

New Rule Adopted

After rescinding the original

resolution, the Trustees unani-

mously adopted the following

motion: "There shall be a daily

pledge of allegiance in each

school of the Lassen Union High

School District. Each student

shall be given the opportunity

to attend the ceremony. In order

that the students may under-

stand the significance of this

pledge, the administrators shall

see that a proper course of in-

struction' be given throughout

the school year, and that the

United States flag be properly

displayed in each classroom."

In a letter to the Board of

Trustees, the ACLU declared

that "Ever since the case of

West Virginia State Board of

Education v. Barnette (1943),

it has been firmly established

that the State has no power to

compel a citizen to affirm a be-

lief."

Old Problem

The matter of compulsory flag

saluting is an old one in Cali-

fornia and throughout the coun-

try. Ever since 1935, the cases

have generally involved Jeho-

vah's Witnesses, who regard flag

saluting as bowing down before

a man-made image. More recent-

ly, since the language "under

God" was added to the pledge,

objections have come from per-

sons concerned with separation

of Church and State and ration-

alists. Attempts to test the "un-

der God" provision have failed

thus far because it was decided

that a taxpayer had no right to

sue.

It was in the West Virginia

case that Justice Jackson de-

clared: "If there is any fixed

star in our constitutional con-

stellation, it is that no official,

high or petty, can prescribe

what shall be orthodox in poli-

tics, nationalism, religion, or

other matters of opinion or force

citizens to confess by word or

act their faith therein

think the action of the local au-

thorities in compelling the flag

salute and pledge transcends

constitutional limitations on

their power and invades the

sphere of intellect and spirit

which it is the purpose of the

First Amendment to our Con-

stitution to reserve from all

official control."

Trustees' Argument

The Trustees' compulsory flag

salute motion had been adopted

by a 3 to 1 vote with one Trus-

tee not voting. William White,

board member who made the

motion, was quoted as saying, "I

don't feel that one can spend

time in a more valuable way. To

me, nothing is more important

than saluting the flag. We're de-

nying the children if we don't

make it available at least once

a day."

- . We.

six months. Syrek refused to ap-

ply for the position.

In oral statements to an in

terviewer he is quoted as Ssay-

ing that he "was prejudiced"

and ``was allergic to civil service

positions." In a subsequent writ-

ten statement to an interviewer

he declared, "I have declined to

make application for a civil serv-

ice job at Alameda County be-

cause all Civil Service jobs in

this state require an applicant

to answer questions involving

membership in organizations and

political activities. I do not rec-

ognize the right of any employer

to ask these questions, and I have

never answered them in the past.

Since I cannot be hired without

answering these questions I do

not apply for Civil Service jobs.

Appealed to Referee

- After the Department of Em-

ployment denied unemployment

insurance to Syrek on March 2,

1956 he appealed to a referee and

claimed he had good cause to re-

fuse the referral. `""He is conscien-

tiously opposed to an inquiry by

the State into his political opin-

ions and associations. In order

to secure State or County em-

ployment, he must submit to such

-Continued on Page 2

Test Denial of

Jury Trial in

Traffic Case

The ACLU will appeal the rul-

ing of San Francisco Municipal

Court Judge Carl H. Allen that

a person charged with a traffic

offense is not entitled to a jury

trial. On December 15, a stipu-

lation was entered into with the

District Attorney's office which

declares that "The sole ground

of appeal turns upon the ques-

tion whether a person charged

with a traffic offense has a right

to trial by jury."

The case involves Edward L.

Bocchino, Jr., a salesman. He

was charged with running a red

light. When he appeared before

Judge Allen last August 27 he

asked for a jury trial, but Judge

Allen said he didn't grant jury

trials in traffic cases. Thereupon,

Judge Allen heard the case and

found Bocchino guilty.

The ACLU was consulted by

Bocchino and Ernest Besig, AC-

LU Executive Director, discussed

the matter with Judge Allen.

The latter said that it was true

that he denied jury trials in traf-

fie cases; that the founding

fathers never intended there

should be jury trials in such

cases; that he had previously

challenged attorneys to appeal

his ruling, but no one had ever

done so. Besig said he would be

glad to oblige Judge Allen.

The matter is being handled

by Albert M. Bendich, ACLU

Staff Counsel.

e

In This Issue...

Chapter Survey In Berkeley

Mid-Peninsula ....... p. 3

Dangers in Private-

Goyernment Research ...p. 3

Financial Report for Year

Ended October 31, 1959 p. 4

Fortieth Anniversary

for ACLU... 6 p.2

Homosexual Bar Wins

Court Test... = p. 3

Unwed Father of Four

Is Freed on Writ ...... p. 3

_ AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION NEWS

Published by the American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California

Second Class mail privileges authorized at San Francisco, Calif.

ERNEST BESIG . . . Editor

503 Market Street, San Francisco 5, California, EXbrook 2-4692

Subscription Rates-Two Dollars a Year

Twenty Cents Per Copy.

Philip Adams

Theodore Baer

William K. Coblentz

Richard De Lancie

Joseph L. Eichler

Samuel B. Eubanks

_ Rabbi Alvin |. Fine

John M. Fowle

Howard Friedman

Rev. Oscar F..Green

Zora Cheever Gross

Robert H. Hardgrove

Alice G. Heyneman

Mrs. Paul Holmer

Rev. F. Danford Lion

Board of Directors of the American Civil Liberties Union

of Northern California

CHAIRMAN: Prof. John Henry Merryman

VICE-CHAIRMEN: Dr. Alexander Meiklejohn, Helen Salz

SECRETARY-TREASURER: Fred H. Smith, IV

HONORARY TREASURER: Joseph M. Thompson

HONORARY MEMBER: Sara Bard Field

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Ernest Besig

Rey. Robert W. Moon

Lloyd L. Morain

Rt. Rev. Edward L. Parsons

Clarence E. Rust :

Rev. Harry B. Scholefield

Mrs. Alec Skolnick

Mrs. Martin Steiner

Stephen Thiermann

Franklin H. Williams

Harold Winkler

GENERAL COUNSEL

Wayne M. Collins

STAFF COUNSEL

Albert M. Bendich

Fortieth

Anniversary

The American Civil Liberties

Union observed its 40th birthday

on January 24 with a special re-

lease summarizing its most fam-

ous cases in the last four dec-

_ades. The special release "initiates

a year-long educational campaign

designed to show how civil liber-

ties directly affects the personal

freedoms of all Americans.

48,000 Members

The ACLU was founded in Jan-

uary 1920 by a score of eminent

Americans, including Jane Ad-

dams, Helen Keller, Roger Bald-

win, Arthur Garfield Hays, Nor-

man Thomas, Rabbi Judah L.

Magnes, and Rev. John Haynes

Holmes. Since then the Union

has grown into a nation-wide or-

ganization of 48,000 members

and 27 local affiliates. Its work

is aided by a network of 800 co-

operating attorneys throughout

the country. Baldwin led the

ACLU until his retirement in

1950 when he became its inter-

national work advisor and was

sueceeded by Patrick Murphy

' Malin, ex-economics professor of

Swarthmore College and vice-

chairman of the World War II

Inter - Governmental Committee

on Refugees.

Palmer Raids

Commenting on the Union's

growth, Malin said the organiza-

tion can look back at a number

of constitutional battles that

stirred major controversy when

they occurred but which are now

hailed as respected landmarks in

the history of the United States.

When the ACLU was formed,

Malin said, the Palmer Raids

(mass deportations of persons

who held radical beliefs) were

opposed by too few Americans.

"At stake," Malin said, "was the

well-being of hundreds of people

called aliens. But equally impor-

tant to the tiny ACLU was the

principle then as now: that all

people possess certain inalien-

able rights as set down in the

Constitution and its Bill of

Rights. However banal such

words may seem after so much

repetition, the ACLU took them

seriously all these years, every

day."

Scopes Trial

Among the cases noted by Ma-

lin and described in the special

issue of "Civil Liberties," are

the Scopes "monkey" trial (of

Clarence Darrow, right-to-teach-

evolution fame); the Children's

Crusade, which petitioned Presi-

dent Harding to release impris-

ACLU NEWS

February, 1960

Page 2

ioned World War I civil liberties

victims; the Sacco-Vanzetti case;

the Gastonia, N.C. labor war

(free speech for textile workers

seeking to organize a union);

free-speech for employers in la-

bor disputes (the Ford Motor

Company case); the Scottsboro

boys; the Bonus Army evictions;

"Ulysses" and "The Miracle"

censorship cases; the evacuation

of Japanese-Americans to deten-

tion camps in World War II; Mc-

Carthyism; and blacklisting the

mass communications industry.

Unresolved Issues

In issuing the release, Malin

warned that despite the success

scored in firmly planting civil

liberties principles in Supreme

Court decisions and public think-

ing, many issues are still unre-

solved. Among these, he said, are

desegregation in public schools,

government news and _ private

group censorship, illegal police

detention and other abuses of cit-

izens rights, and a host of issues

affecting separation of church

and state. "And there always will

be frontier problems not yet fore-

seen that will require the ACLU

to exercise its `watchdog' role,"

Malin said.

: Unheralded Cases

Besides cases involving major

national issues, the national

ACLU or one of its local affili-

ates are handling many unher-

alded cases. The central question

asked in these cases is how a per-

son's constitutional rights have

been infringed. ACLU attorneys

now are arguing against police

abuse of a girl who walked bare-

foot on a San Francisco street

late at night; for a couple who

wish to marry in Arizona but are

of separate racial origins, for

book and magazine and news-

paper sellers whose wares are

condemned by pressure groups.

There are cases involving Com-

munists, Nazis, pacifists, racists,

and gangsters, people who are

condemned for their views and

unsavory character rather than

any action which really threatens

the community.

Freedom for Everybody

"Their predicaments, which in-

volve loss of civil liberty," con-

cludes Malin, "illuminate con-

cepts of freedom created by the

founders of this nation. This is

why the 40th birthday of the

American Civil Liberties Union

celebrates the core of what

`Americanism' means today-the

absolute conviction that each and

every person has clear and legal

freedoms protected by the Con-

stitution."

Fiomosexual

Bar Wins

Court Test

The California Supreme Court

recently decided that a tavern's

license may not be revoked solely

because it is frequented by homo-

sexuals. Consequently, a law

adopted by the 1955 Legislature

which permitted such action was

declared to be unconstitutional.

The court's unanimous decision

was handed down in the case of

"Mary's First and Last Chance"

bar at 2277 Telegraph Ave., Oak-

land.

The court suggested, however,

that under the State Constitution

bars may be closed whose opera-

tion is "contrary to public wel-

fare or morals." It said there was

sufficient evidence to support

revocation of the license in this

ease if the constitutional section

had been relied upon.

"Conduct which may fall short

of aggressive or uninhibited par-

ticipation in fulfilling the sexual

urges of homosexuals," said the

court, "may nevertheless offend

good morals and decency by dis-

plays in public which do no more

than manifest such urges. This is

not to say that homosexuals

might properly be held to a high-

er degree of moral conduct than

are heterosexuals. But any pub-

lic display which manifest sexual

desires, whether they be hetero-

sexual or homosexual in nature

may, and historically have been

suppressed and regulated in a

moral society.' (Emphasis sup-

plied.)

Attorneys sought unsuccessful-

ly to have the court modify its

language. In the instant case, the

court said the following evidence

would have supported revocation

of the license: The dress of the

patrons, the manner in which

they paired off, use of the wom-

en's rest room by a woman in

man's attire, one woman kissing

another after saying, "You're a

cute little butch," and one man

kissing another and saying to the

bartender, "Arley and I are going

steady."

Membership

Drive Headed

By Zora Gross

Continued from Page 1-

San Francisco, Mrs. Ginsburg of

San Anselmo, Mrs. Madore of

Berkeley, and Mrs. Jack Cleven-

ger of Sacramento.

Working on the 1960 brochure,

which will be enclosed in the

first mailing to the prospect list,

are Mrs. Gross and Messrs. Baer

and Smith. The first letter invit-

ing prospects to join will be

mailed shortly before the drive

begins, to prepare the way for

personal solicitations by area

chairmen and their workers.

Prospect Lists

Mrs. Gross asks that members

promptly return lists of persons

who they have reason to believe

are interested in the work of

ACLU. Hundreds of names al-

ready have been received and

checked against the current

membership files. Volunteers are

still checking and have begun

typing address labels, Since the

success of the drive depends

greatly on the number of re-

ferred names, Mrs. Gross hopes

invitations to membership will

be mailed to at least 4,000 per-

sons.

Lapsed Members

A "dormant" campaign will be

scheduled by the individual area

chairmen. Last year's experience

proved that personal invitations

to persons who have allowed

their memberships to lapse re-

sulted in a high percentage of

renewals.

Members interested in working

in the ACLU office or on the

area campaigns, please call the

ACLU office, EXbrook, 2-4692.

Objections to Loyaliy

Oath

Upheld by District Court

Continued from Page 1-

an inquiry. Consequently, he can-

not accept public employment.

At a hearing before the referee

for the Department of Employ-

ment, Syrek was asked what idea

he was attempting to convey in

his earlier statement about over-

throw of government and he re-

plied: "The specific opinion that

the Levering Act requires is that

a person must certify that he

does not advocate the overthrow

of the government of the United

States or the State of California

by force or violence, and that he

has not done So in the past and

will not do so in the future. Now

there are certain circumstances

under which ft is my belief that

the government of the United

States should be overthrown.

Specifically, any time that the

government turns into a dictator-

ship which can be done by legal

means - there have been 0c-

casions in American history in

past when the government of the

United States has been over-

thrown by force and violence.

Overthrow of Government

"Q. You don't mean the gov-

ernment of the United States, do

you?

, "A. The government that was

in existence in 1776.

"Q. I see.

"A, And I think I certainly

uphold that, and would recom-

mend a similar course of action

under similar circumstances in

the future.

"Q. Do I get your statement

correctly then that in the event

of a dictatorship in the United

States, if one were established, or

in the case of tyrannical rule,

that you advocate the violent

overthrow of the government?

"A. Yes sir, that is my opinion,

and I advocate and I intend to

advocate it in the future. As a

result I cannot sign the loyalty

oath."

Constitutional Issues

On the appeal, the ACLU con-

tended that to require Syrek,

as an applicant for unemploy-

ment insurance, to seek employ-

ment which was conditioned on

the taking of a loyalty oath to

which he had conscientious ob-

jections denied his right to free-

dom of speech, due process of

law and equal protection, and

converted the law into a bill of

attainder and ex post facto law.

None of these constitutional is-

sues were decided.

"We have come to the con-

clusion," said the court, "that

denial of unemployment insur-

ance benefits to appellant is not

justified; first, because of the

absence of any law requiring an

applicant for such benefits to ac-

cept a position that is conditioned

upon the taking of a loyalty oath

or to forego the benefits; and sec-

ond, because we regard the term

`good, cause,' for declining em-

ployment, as the term is used in,

the code, as including conscien-

tious objection to a required loy-

. alty oath. The latter reason, in

turn, is supported by considera-

tions related to the public inter-

est and to the _ individual's

rights."

Legislation Defeated

The court noted that, in 1949,

a bill to require a statement of

loyalty from every applicant for

unemployment insurance bene-

fits was proposed in the State

Senate but was not reported out

of the Committee on Social Wel-

fare to which it was referred.

The court said there was no es-

sential difference between an ap-

plicant for benefits being re-

quired to take a loyalty oath and

referring the applicant to em-

ployment which required the

oath. :

The court found there was

"good cause" for refusing the re-

ferra]l "from the standpoint of

public interest and from that of

individual rights." From the

standpoint of the public interest

"There is a very real possibility,"

said the court, "that the oath

requirement as a condition for

unemployment insurance would

work at cross purposes with the

constitutional plan for the em-

ploying by government of per-

sons whose consciences justify

their taking the loyalty oath. The

pressure put on an unemployed

person to take the oath or to go

without benefits, perhaps when

he is in desperate circumstances,

may lead to the taking of the

oath with reservations, or with

actual falsehood."

From the standpoint of the in-

dividual's rights, the court found

good cause to refuse the oath be-

cause the State may not use its

political or economic force to ACLUN_1946 ACLUN_1946.MODS ACLUN_1946.batch ACLUN_1947 ACLUN_1947.MODS ACLUN_1947.batch ACLUN_1948 ACLUN_1948.MODS ACLUN_1948.batch ACLUN_1949 ACLUN_1949.MODS ACLUN_1949.batch ACLUN_1950 ACLUN_1950.MODS ACLUN_1950.batch ACLUN_1951 ACLUN_1951.MODS ACLUN_1951.batch ACLUN_1952 ACLUN_1952.MODS ACLUN_1952.batch ACLUN_1953 ACLUN_1953.MODS ACLUN_1953.batch ACLUN_1954 ACLUN_1954.MODS ACLUN_1954.batch ACLUN_1955 ACLUN_1955.MODS ACLUN_1955.batch ACLUN_1956 ACLUN_1956.MODS ACLUN_1956.batch ACLUN_1957 ACLUN_1957.MODS ACLUN_1957.batch ACLUN_1958 ACLUN_1958.MODS ACLUN_1958.batch ACLUN_1959 ACLUN_1959.MODS ACLUN_1959.batch ACLUN_1960 ACLUN_1960.MODS ACLUN_1960.batch ACLUN_1961 ACLUN_1961.MODS ACLUN_1962 ACLUN_1962.MODS ACLUN_1963 ACLUN_1963.MODS ACLUN_1964 ACLUN_1964.MODS ACLUN_1965 ACLUN_1965.MODS ACLUN_1966 ACLUN_1966.MODS ACLUN_1967 ACLUN_1967.MODS ACLUN_1968 ACLUN_1968.MODS ACLUN_1969 ACLUN_1969.MODS ACLUN_1970 ACLUN_1970.MODS ACLUN_1971 ACLUN_1971.MODS ACLUN_1972 ACLUN_1972.MODS ACLUN_1973 ACLUN_1973.MODS ACLUN_1974 ACLUN_1974.MODS ACLUN_1975 ACLUN_1975.MODS ACLUN_1976 ACLUN_1976.MODS ACLUN_1977 ACLUN_1977.MODS ACLUN_1978 ACLUN_1978.MODS ACLUN_1979 ACLUN_1979.MODS ACLUN_1980 ACLUN_1980.MODS ACLUN_1981 ACLUN_1981.MODS ACLUN_1982 ACLUN_1982.MODS ACLUN_1983 ACLUN_1983.MODS ACLUN_1984 ACLUN_1984.MODS ACLUN_1985 ACLUN_1985.MODS ACLUN_1986 ACLUN_1986.MODS ACLUN_1987 ACLUN_1987.MODS ACLUN_1988 ACLUN_1988.MODS ACLUN_1989 ACLUN_1989.MODS ACLUN_1990 ACLUN_1990.MODS ACLUN_1991 ACLUN_1991.MODS ACLUN_1992 ACLUN_1992.MODS ACLUN_1993 ACLUN_1993.MODS ACLUN_1994 ACLUN_1994.MODS ACLUN_1995 ACLUN_1995.MODS ACLUN_1996 ACLUN_1996.MODS ACLUN_1997 ACLUN_1997.MODS ACLUN_1998 ACLUN_1998.MODS ACLUN_ladd ACLUN_ladd.MODS ACLUN_ladd.bags ACLUN_ladd.batch add-tei.sh create-bags.sh create-manuscript-bags.sh create-manuscript-batch.sh fits.log

require the applicant to change

his views. "Limitation of those

freedoms by an administrative

ruling, even if the limitation is

done indirectly by job referral,

cannot be supported," said the

court.

At this writing, the State has

_ hot indicated whether it will ask

the State Supreme Court to re-

view the decision,

Second Case

The present case was original- .

ly joined with another case in-

volving Syrek, He had secured a

job as a multilith operator for

Arthur Anderson and Co., account-

ants, through an advertisement

in the San Francisco Examiner.

Several days after being em-

ployed, and, as a condition of

employment, Syrek was suddenly

required to sign an oath devised

by the company and not required

by law or any considerations of

national security. When Syrek

refused to sign the oath he was .

fired.

Thereafter, Syrek applied for

and was denied unemployment

insurance, on the ground that he

had made himself unavailable in

the labor market. The State

claimed, but did not prove, that

a substantial number of private

employers require loyalty oaths.

Superior Court Judge Folger

Emerson of Alameda County in

March, 1958, decided that the

Department of Employment had

acted arbitrarily since there was

no evidence to support its claims

that a substantial number of em-

ployers require loyalty oaths,

San Francisco

Police "S Squad'

Picks On Negro

Typical of the operation of the

San Francisco Police Depart-

ment's so-called "S" (for satura-

tion) squad, is the following inci-

dent which occurred at 3 a.m. on

January 12:

Walter Van Hook has been

employed by the Commercial

Building and Maintenance Com-

pany for fourteen years. While

he was driving on Market street,

returning from work, his auto-

mobile was stopped without

cause by two police inspectors

who copied off information from

his driver's license, turned their

flashlight inside his car and

then allowed him to go on his

way. No claim was made by the

officers that they had reasonable

cause to believe that Van Hook.

had violated the traffic or any

other laws.

He has never had any previous

difficulty with the police, yet

during the past six months (dur-

ing the operation of the "S

Squad") he hag been stopped

three or four times.

The ACLU filed a complaint

with Chief Thomas J. Cahill. "I

suspect that the only reason the

officers stopped Mr. Van Hook,"

says the letter signed by Ernest

Besig, ACLU Executive Director,

"was because he is a Negro who

was out late at night. Certainly,

the law is clear that your police

officers do not have the right

without probable cause to stop

motor vehicles for the purpose of

determining whether any law

has been violated."

Although the complaint was

filed with the Chief on January

14, no response has been re-

ceived.

LUCY MARTINEZ of Pittsburg, who was freed from jail last December 13

just before giving birth to twins. Lucy married Michael Ortega, father of

four of her eight children, on January 22.

Retroactive Probation Order

Unwed Father

Of Four Is

Freed On Writ

Michael Ortega, Jr., 23, who was jailed on December 31

for having failed to marry Lucy Martinez and for not securing

a job, was ordered released on $500 bail on January 13, by

Superior Court Judge Thomas F. Fraga of Contra Costa coun-

ty. Bail was provided by the ACLU. A hearing on his petition

for a writ of habeas corpus, filed

by attorneys H. LeRoy Cannon

of Pittsburg and Albert M. Ben-

dich, staff counsel of the ACLU,

was held on January 25.

An additional reason given by

Deputy Probation Officer Jack J.

Hohenberger for jailing Ortega

and apparently the underlying

reason for doing so is that "the

defendant has violated his spe-

cific terms and conditions of pro-

bation by being responsible for

the conception of two illegitimate

children, besides the two illegiti-

mate children" he had previously

been credited with. Therefore,

the Probation Officer urged that

the defendant "should experience

a period of incarceration to mo-

tivate him to curb his selfish sex-

ual activities that has resulted in

the production of four illegiti-

mate children being deprived of

their necessary rights and needs

by the defendant."

Obviously, the probation order

was being applied retroactively

since the last illegitimate chil-

dren (the twins borne by Lucy

Martinez) were conceived many

months before Ortega was placed

on probation.

Nevertheless, when the Proba-

tion Officer learned that Ortega

was the father of the twins, de-

livered last December 13, he ex-

acted a promise from Ortega to

marry Lucy Martinez. Later, ac-

cording to the Probation Officer's

written report, Lucy Martinez

"advised this Deputy she would

consent to marriage if the de-

fendant would make such a pro-

posal." But Lucy Martinez' pro-

bation officer objected to her

marrying Ortega.

In any case, on December 18,

the Probation Officer complained

to Justice of the Peace Michael

J. Gatto of Pittsburg that Ortega

"has not reported to this Deputy

that he has secured employment

or married the complaining wit-

ness, Lucy Martinez."

Ortega, a laborer, is the father

of four of Lucy Martinez' eight

illegitimate children. Last August

31, he was placed on three years

FLASH! Mike Ortega was freed

by Judge Fraga on Jan. 25 after

the Deputy Probation Officer tes-

tified he believed Ortega had

tried in good faith to secure a

job. The court ruled the proba-

tion order did not have retroac-

tive effect to allow Ortega to be

jailed for fathering Lucy Mar-

tinez' twins.

probation for failing to provide

for the two children who had

then been born. But, as a condi-

tion of probation, he was sen-

tenced to the county jail for 90

days. On December 31, Judge

Gatto, in a summary proceeding,

accepted the Probation Officer's

recommendation that Ortega's

probation be modified, and, as a

condition of probation, required

Ortega to spend another 90 days

in jail for violating the probation

order by fathering two more il-

legitimate children, not marry-

ing Lucy Martinez and not secur-

ing a job. It is noteworthy that

the Probation Officer did not al-

lege that Ortega did not try to

secure a job.

While a father has a clear legal

responsibility to provide for his

children, the Contra Costa Pro-

bation Department and Judge

Gatto cannot require probation-

ers to marry, secure jobs when

none are available, or refrain

from conduct which has already

occurred, Such arbitrary and un-

reasonable action provides no

legal justification for modifying

Ortega's probation and sending

him to jail. Certainly, such arbi-

trary action violates due process

of law.

On January 21, however, Or-

tega and Lucy Martinez secured

a marriage license, and, as far as

the ACLU knows, they are now

married (as his probation officer

required).

Incidentally, Ortega is the

brother of Lucy Turrieta, who is

also out on bail after having her

probation revoked for having sex-

ual relations out of wedlock. Her

case is pending in the California

District Court of Appeal.

Chapter Survey

In Berkeley

Mid-Peninsula

Requests from ACLU members

in the Mid-Peninsula and Berke-

ley areas to establish chapters of

the ACLU of Northern California

have been under consideration

by the Board of Directors during

the past four months and result-

ed last month in a survey being

conducted in those areas.

Letter Sent to Members

A letter was sent out over the

signature of Prof. John Henry

Merryman, chairman of the

board, to members in good stand-

ing, seeking to determine their

interest and possible support of

a chapter. The letter pointed out

that "Under our By-Laws, char-

ters for Chapters will be granted

a requesting group that `has give-

en satisfactory evidence of vital-

ity, leadership and devotion to

the objectives and program of

the Union.' Local Chapters are

expected to finance their own ac-

tivities."

Chapter's Role

The letter also stated that "A

chapter's role is to carry on

educational activities consistent

with the policies of the Union,

and to build its membership. A

Chapter takes no action and

makes no public statements in

the name of the ACLU - other

than in the educational and mem-

bership fields-without prior ap-

proval by the Board. As an ex-

ample, the Marin Chapter's By-

Laws refer `civil liberties issues

and problems arising in the area,

together with the chapter's

recommendations, to the Board,

which shall determine what, if

any action should be taken by

the Chapter and/or the Union."

Merryman stated that "The

Board feels the active participa-

tion of a minimum of 15% of the

members in any area is needed

to justify establishment of a

Chapter."

The Questions

The members in the particular

areas were asked to answer ,the

following questions and to re-

turn the questionnaires promptly

to the office: 1. Would you like

to see a Chapter formed in your

area? 2. Would you be willing to

participate in one or more of the

activities cf a Chapter?: a. Edu-

cational projects? b. Membership

and fund raising? c. Service on

Chapter's board or committees?

d. Attendance at meetings in your

area? e. Volunteer a few hours a

week to staff the local office. A

place was also left on the form

for comments.

Evaluation Committee

Members in the particular

areas are again urged to return

the questionnaires to the office

without delay. They will be

evaluated by a special committee

of the Board of Directors headed

by the Rev. F. Danford Lion.

The Mid-Peninsula area is

composed of the following com-

munities: Palo Alto, East Palo

Alto, Stanford, Menlo Park, Ath-

erton, Los Altos and Los Altos

Hills.

The Berkeley area includes

the communities of Berkeley, Al-

bany, Kensington and El Cerrito.

Academic Freedom

gers In

vate-Govt

Research

The American Civil Liberties Union called for a nation-

wide review of the effect on college and university freedom of

private and governmental grants for research projects.

The question posed by the Union in a report of its Aca-

demic Freedom Committee was: "Is it in the interest of society

to permit the universities to lose

a large measure of their author-

ity in shaping the development

of their own affairs? We urge

that this is a question of the first

importance to the nation. and to

society, and that developments

rendering difficult a wise decis-

ion are multiplying at such a

rate that no time should be lost

in instituting an objective review

of the situation on a nationwide

scale," the ACLU group re-

ported.

Federal Grants Large

The ACLU report estimated

that two-thirds of the expendi-

tures for all research and de-

velopment performed by colleges

and universities currently comes

from the federal government and

that in certain fields such as

physics and chemistry 90 per-

cent or even more of research

budget funds are provided by

government and private founda-

tion or industry sources.

Among the problems touching

on "academic freedom" encour-

aged by heavy subsidization, the

ACLU statement listed:

1. ". . . the application of gov-

ernment security procedures in

universities in which classified

research is conducted on campus

under contracts with federal

agencies can lead to situations

Discrimination

Ended By Jury

Commissioner

The Jury Commisioner

of Contra Costa County, J. H.

Dempsey, recently informed the

ACLU that "we are now summon-

ing county employees to be ex-

amined as to their qualifications

to act as jurors." Previously, the

Commissioner exempted county

employees, because "as a practi-

cal matter, our experience showed

they were seldom retained for

jury duty."

In fact, according to a Bulletin

of the County Administrator, "In

qualifying persons for jury lists,

the Jury Commisioner routinely

eliminates any person employed

by the county because such per-

sons are almost invariably dis-

qualified if actually called."

On December 17, the ACLU

asked the Commissioner whether

such county employees are

"routinely eliminated" and, if so,

the basis for such "elimination."

As the response shows, the dis-

criminatory practice was ended

as soon as the question was

raised with the Commissioner.

LUCY TURRIETA of Pittsburg, whose petition for a writ of habeas corpus,

based, in part, on denial of counsel when she was sentenced to jail, was

heard by the California District Court of Appeal on January 26.

in conflict with the personal

rights of faculty members, in-

cluding even those who are not

engaged in classified research,

and can effectively limit the

freedom of the university in ap-

plying its own proper criteria in

the selection of its staff,

2. "Funds for sponsored re-

search are more readily available

in some fields of knowledge than

in others, so that important areas

of scholarship may be neglected."

Continuation of emphasis on the

natural sciences which -would

certainly not occur if the univer-

sities and university scholars

were permitted free exercise of

their own judgments.

3. "Granting agencies are fre-

quently favorably inclined

toward ambitious proposals for

so-called programmatic research

-.. it is becoming increasingly

difficult to develop support and

appreciation for the highly in-

dividualistic investigator who

contemplatively follows the

paths into which his idle curios-

ity directs him. It is from such

unplanned efforts that the funda-

mental advances in scholarship

have always sprung. . . . Univer-

Sities bear a heavy responsibility

for fostering the creation, of basic

knowledge, and we can ill afford

to have their staffs and facilities

lured by financial inducements

into the study of matters of im-

mediacy."

4. The bulk of research funds

from non-academic sources are

allotted to institutions with

strongly developed research ac-

tivities and with outstanding sci-

entists who have well-established

reputations. This makes it more

difficult for other schools to meet

competition for staff, students,

and financial aid, and for young-

er, less known scientists "who

are actually more apt to come

forward with originial ideas" to

obtain sponsors.

Independence Surrendered

The Union's statement pointed

out that institutions of higher

learning have already surren-

dered a degree of independence

by accepting terms of certain

grants and that these in turn

affect academic freedom of

teachers, study, and administra-

tion. However, the report reeog-

nized the importance of research

subsidy. "Our colleges and uni-

versities are irrevocably depen-

dent on the support they have

been receiving in the form of

sponsorship of research, and in-

deed this support must continue

to increase rapidly in the years

ahead. But the dangers of control

through subsidy are imminent, -

the report contended. "It must be

clearly recognized that if outside

financing of university research

and graduate education, particu-

larly in the natural sciences, con-

tinues to follow present patterns, -

it will inevitably lead to a very

serious erosion of university con-

trol of university activities. We

should face squarely the question

as to whether we are prepared

to break with the long-estab-

lished tradition which entrusts

to universities a large measure

of autonomy in their proper

functions of education and re-

search - whether we are pre-

pared to replace a significant

fraction of this autonomy by a

patchwork control exerted by a

variety of bureaus with widely

differing aims and interests."

ACLU NEWS

February, 1960

Page 3

FINANCI

AL REPORT

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

For Year Ended October 31, 1959

To the ACLU Board of Directors:

We have examined the balance sheet of the American Civil Liberties Union

of Northern California as of October 31, 1959, and the related statement of

income and expense for the year then ended. Our examination was made in

accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, and accordingly included

such tests of the accounting records and such other auditing procedures as we

considered necessary in the circumstances.

The records are maintained on a cash basis, and accordingly reflect no

accrual of liabilities. Our examination indicated no material liabilities outstanding.

Amounts payable for pay roll taxes and minor items were subsequently promptly

paid and did not differ in any significant amount from those payable at the

close of the previous year.

In our opinion the accompanying balance sheet and statement of income and

expense, subject to adjustment for the difference between book and market

value of treasury. bonds, present fairly the financial position of the American

Civil Liberties Union of Northern California at October 31, 1959 and the results

of the year then ended, in conformity with generally accepted accounting

principles-H. W. Zimmerman, Certified Public Accountant, 544 Market Street,

San Francisco 4, Calif.

Balance Sheet

Statement of Income and Expense

' INCOME:

Regular memberships (= $35,979.17

Army Cant' Try

Civilians In

Peace Time

In four separate cases, the U.S.

Supreme Court decided on Jan-

uary 18 that the Army cannot

in peace time court-martial civil-

ian employees or dependents for

crimes committed overseas.

The court held that article 2

(11) of the Code of Military Jus-

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash-Wells Fargo Bank:

Commercial account _...._. A ee Ces Se eee $ 4,065.41

Savings account 20 5) eb 16,514.44

Petty cash fund. ee ee 25.00

United States Treasury bonds (at cost) 2200 4,500.00

HOUTA ASSETS 8 $25,104.85

LIABILITIES AND NET WORTH

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Employees' pay. roll taxes withheld $ 11.83

Gash security returnable 2 830.00

Total current liabilities: -2 = $ 841.83

OBLIGATED FUNDS (SEE SCHEDULE) 2 u. : 7,475.07

NET WORTH:

Balance at October 31, 1958 20000 $12,461.63

Excess of income over expenses- :

Year ended October 31,1959 4,326.32

Net worth, October 31, 1959 0. 16,787.95

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET WORTH -..... $25,104.85

Membership campaign _... Se 4,123,99 ;

: : tice making such persons sub-

ject to court-martial proceedings

Total memberstip income (c). 2 $40,103.16 violated Article III of the Con-

Special funds appeals =.) 5. $4,642.35 ee which provides that

Less portions donated to obligated funds ...... 997.00 3,645.36 be by ee ee os

ment, which reads that ``No per-

Special gifts..2 3 6a 447.80 son shall be held to answer for

Inferestincome (2 517.86 a capital, or otherwise infamous

Wembral gifk an ae crime, unless on a presentment

Bo eee ee ee ` or indictment of a grand jury;"

Excess of receipts over expenditures- ae h the Bee cota

: A ch guarantees "the right to a

p at ee wae es 4 ae Ae , Oe ee speedy and public trial, by an

ublication sales, notary fees and miscellaneous _.............. 91.28 impartial jury of the State and .

district wherein the crime shall

Totakincome: qe $45,623.07 have been committed... etc.

Of course, in a court-martial

proceeding, the defendant does

EXPENSES: not have the right to trial by

Tes and other constitutional pro-

: ections. |

he solic CanH eo aa CS HGS It has been es.tmated that the

it PP les, printing ana stationery ruling will apply to 445,000 de-

(including ACLU News)... 2 5,025.23 pendents and 25,000. civilian

Rent 3,122.50 workers now with' the armed

Postage: 5 5 ee ye 2,415.45 services in foreign lands.

Telephone (22 ee 1,143.03 The court's decision would

axes-and insurances 96 en 975.87 ee pe to ae case 2 j

: rchant seaman, who appeale

Reent pe to the ACLU of Northern Cali-

Publications nee ences nce 505.18 fornia for assistance in Decem-

Ped Bis i 300.00 ber, 1957. In his case it was

diravel-and transportation ==. 253.75 charged that, on March 12, 1954,

Meeeting-expenses. 2 te a 140.63 he had an undetermined amount

Equipment maintenance =) = 42.53 of heroin in his possession. He

Piccclisncouce es es 111.73 was fined $750. Action in the

case was deferred until the fore-

Totsleiponcee, 2 41,296.75 going court cases could be de-

cided. The Army will now be re-

quested to set aside the court-

EXCESS OF INCOME OVER EXPENSES. = es martial action and to repay the

Transactions in Obligated Funds

DEFENSE FUNDS:

General defense fund __..............-----....

Jolin' W. Mass 222

Tax exemptions loyalty oath cases .......

Schuyfen cases 2... 2

Rebecca Wolstenholme _._.

Immigration cases.

Syrck case =

llundquist vs. MEBA =

Postal workers case -.......------.2----22 ee

Hartman and HUAC cases |.................

Kastler case.

Murphy and Bravo cases ................-----..

Weekly People case 2... -eeeee en

Teachers Loyalty Oath cases...

Total defense funds 0.

OTHER FUNDS:

Beth Livermore Memorial Fund _.....

Lawrence Sears Memorial Fund _....

Boyd Memorial Library Fund .............

Total other funds

Total obligated funds _...

Balance RECEIPTS Balance

October 31, Special October 31,

1958 Appeal Other Expenditures Transfers 1959

pe ee $1, 718.78 $117.00 $1,300.00 $ 221.49 $1,343.19 $4,257.48

SE eek 920.65 920.65

Se (1,584.68) 2,568.29 (Sea6) ee

ee 309.33 (309.33) =

a (166.93) 45.00 297.29 (419.22)

PR se 20.00 (20.00) -_

27.74 10.00 195.60 195.60 37.74

pee (10.50) `10.00 150.00 441.70 (292.29)

pe (eee 222.50 37.00 259.50

eae, 382.00 162.29 51.00 493.29

es 60.00 29.75. (30.25) -

ees ee 74.00 32.63 338.00 (231.37)

ee ae 2.00 ' 25.00 27.00

see eee 500.00 500.00

es $1,456.89 $737.00 $4,933.71 $1,574.83 $5,552.87

ee $1,210.50 $1,210.50

Eee ae 495.00 495.00

ees $ 260.00 $ 660.00 $ 703.30 216.70

re oe $1,705.50 $260.00 $ 660.00 $ 703.30 $1,922.20

eS 52 $3,162.39. $997.00 $5,593.81 $2,278.13 $7,475.07

Proposed New Security Order Criticized

A draft executive order estab-

lishing a new Industrial Security

Program was _ criticized last

month by the American Civil

Liberties Union for failing to

provide due process safeguards.

The draft order, which was de-

scribed in newspaper accounts,

does not guarantee the right of

full confrontation and cross-exa-

mination to persons involved in

security risk hearings under the

program.

In a letter to President Hisen-

hower, the ACLU urged that pub-

lic hearings be held before the

President promulgates the order.

"We believe that such hearings

are clearly consistent with the na-

tional security because it can

ACLU NEWS

February, 1960

Page 4

' Say,

point up the ways in which our

fundamental freedoms, which are

the core of our national security,

can be preserved."

"While the principle of con-

frontation and cross-examination

is recognized in. the proposed

program," the letter went on to

"certain important excep-

tions will seriously dilute its

benefit. For example, it is re-

ported that a department head

may deny confrontation and

cross-examination if he deter-

mines, in camera, that it would

`be "substantially harmful to the

national interest" - to disclose

even so-called casual informants,

such as a neighbor of the accused

individual. We know from the

sorry record of the 50's that too

frequently mere gossip of a next-

door neighbor formed a major

part of a security risk charge. We

believe that the way to avoid this

problem and to provide full due

process to individuals in security

hearings is to grant full confron-

tation in such proceedings."

N

Memorial Gifts

A total of $245 has been re-

ceived by the ACLU in memory

of Prof. Edward C. Tolman, who

died last November 19.

During the past month, the (c)

ACLU has also received gifts to-

taling $54 in memory of Mrs.

Ethel Irene Shanley, 68, of Santa

Cruz, a staunch supporter of the

ACLU, who died recently of a

heart attack. She is survived by

her husband, Lewis William

Shanley.

$ 4,326.32 fine.

Civil Liberties

Programs On

Station KPFA

FM Station KPFA in Berkeley

will broadcast two programs of

interest to civil libertarians dur-

ing February. On Tuesday, Feb-

ruary 2, at 8:45 p.m., the Prof.

Edward C. Tolman Memorial

Meeting will be heard. Partici-

pants are: Professors Alexander

Meiklejohn, James Caldwell,

`David Krech, Robert Tryon, B.

Ritchie and Mark Rosenzweig

along with Chancellor Glenn .T.

Seaborg.

Help! Help!

Help! Help! Lickers, stick-

ers, stuffers, and typists want-

ed immediately to help make

the 1960 ACLU membership

campaign an overwhelming

success. The office at 503

Market street is open all day

every weekday and on Satur-

day morning. If you can, it

helps to know you are coming,

but don't hesitate just to drop

in if you are downtown and

want to come in out of the

rain. If you are unable to

come into the office, let us

know of your willingness to :

work anyway ... the area Then, on Saturday, February

chairmen can probably find at- 13, at 8 p.m. Dr. Robert M.

home tasks. Hutchins, president of the Fund

Volunteers who have lost for the Republic, will be heard

20-20 vision checking prospect on the ACLU's Bill of Rights Day

names against the member- program in southern California.

ship files are Miss Mildred Mil- :

ler, Mrs. Henry Arian, Mrs.

Rosalind Watkin, Miss Ethel-

reda Davis, E. R. Charles, and

Henry Myers, Jr. Mrs. Jerry

Opper and Miss David have

started the monumental Job of

typing labels,

Anyone able to help, please

call EXbrook 2-4692.

Eichler Resigns

Last month, builder Jaseph L.

Eichler resigned as a member of

the ACLU's Board of Directors

because of inability to attend

meetings. He had served since

April 1959. The resignation was 0x00B0

accepted with regret.

A

JOIN TODAY

Re

a

The first right of a citizen

Is the right

To be responsible.

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION

OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

Patron Membership... 0.4. ..0 0. 2 ee $100

Sustaining Membership =... ........,5.)........- . 50

Business and Professional Membership ..............- 25

Family Membership .-.....5.5.....5....: 5.2... 12

Associate Membership... =... 8) 10

Annual Membership...) . 2... 3 ee 6

Junior Membership (under 21) 2... ...0...4..3..... 2

AGLU News Subscription. cent. 05.3. ...2 5.2... $2. 00

NAME 6 a ee tees Slots ees

ADDRESS = ee eae

AEEEERHIONE NUMBER: 1. .2 30. a, AMT. ENCLOSED. ... 2...

503 Market Street

San Francisco, 5